@inbook{86646a17631f4ca695028c5d810d48b3,
title = "Designing Norms for Autonomous Ships: The Obligation to Call for Help and the Duty to Save Life in Danger at Sea",
abstract = "The development of autonomous and remotely controlled ships must serve the prevailing norm for safety at sea. Two legal norms deriving from this requirement are discussed. The first concerns the arguable obligation a carrier has to call for salvage assistance when the ship is in distress. New ship designs should satisfy this norm; otherwise, their commercial utility will be limited. The second legal norm concerns the contribution of merchant ships to search and rescue operations and the safety of life at sea. The duty of the master to assist other ships where life is at risk or in collision cases is argued as a way through which states discharge their responsibility to render assistance. The policy objective is to ensure the ship is available to stranded people as a refuge platform. For a ship without a master, it would be necessary to modify this legal duty, possibly by imposing this duty on the owner and/or the controller of the autonomous ship. Clarifying how the duty to render assistance will be discharged by autonomous ships is essential to facilitate the development of appropriate capabilities. {\textcopyright} The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023",
author = "Mikis Tsimplis",
year = "2023",
doi = "10.1007/978-3-031-24740-8_6",
language = "English",
isbn = "978-3-031-24739-2",
series = "Studies in National Governance and Emerging Technologies",
publisher = "Palgrave Macmillan",
pages = "99--118",
editor = "Johansson, {Tafsir Matin} and Fern{\'a}ndez, {Jonatan Echebarria} and Dimitrios Dalaklis and Aspasia Pastra and Skinner, {Jon A.}",
booktitle = "Autonomous Vessel in Maritime Affairs",
address = "United Kingdom",
}