Design of wideband base station antenna arrays for CDMA 800 and GSM 900 systems

Arrays of wideband L-probe stacked patch antennas are designed for applications in both CDMA and GSM base stations with operating frequency range form 820 to 960 MHz (SWR ≤ 1.5). Different values of antenna gains are achieved with the use of four, six, and eight elements. A set of element separations and phases for each array is found for the excitation of a shaped radiation pattern with null-filling and upper side-lobe suppression. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.