Design and Comparative Analysis of A Dual-Permanent-Magnet-Excited Machine with Hybrid Stator Teeth

Traditional single-sided permanent magnet machines (PMMs) have long been used in various electric propulsion systems. However, their limited torque density restricts their suitability for low-speed, high-torque direct-drive applications without gearboxes. To address this limitation, a novel dual-PM-excited (DPME) machine is proposed, which employs PMs on both stator and rotor sides. By leveraging bidirectional flux modulation, the proposed design significantly enhances torque generation capability. Additionally, a hybrid stator structure is introduced to further improve electromagnetic performance. It combines straight and split teeth with strategically placed PMs. Subsequently, a comprehensive optimization based on finite element analysis (FEA) is conducted to determine optimal magnetization directions, stator–rotor pole pair combinations, PM shapes, and key geometric parameters. Comparative analyses confirm that the proposed machine achieves superior torque density, lower torque ripple, and significantly reduced cogging torque compared to conventional topologies. Finally, experimental results from the prototype validate the effectiveness of the machine design and strong agreement with simulation predictions.

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