Dendrite-Free Sodium Metal Anodes Via Solid Electrolyte Interphase Engineering With a Covalent Organic Framework Separator

Tianxing Kang; Chenhao Sun; Yang Li; Tianyi Song; Zhiqiang Guan; Zhongqiu Tong; Junmin Nan; Chun-Sing Lee

doi:10.1002/aenm.202204083

Dendrite-Free Sodium Metal Anodes Via Solid Electrolyte Interphase Engineering With a Covalent Organic Framework Separator

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

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Author(s)

Chenhao Sun
Zhiqiang Guan
Zhongqiu Tong
Junmin Nan

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Detail(s)

Original language	English
Article number	2204083
Journal / Publication	Advanced Energy Materials
Volume	13
Issue number	15
Online published	3 Mar 2023
Publication status	Published - 20 Apr 2023

Link(s)

DOI	DOI https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202204083 Final Published version
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Attachment(s)	Documents 146950897.pdf Post-print, 1.59 MB, PDF Publisher's Copyright Statement This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Kang, T., Sun, C., Li, Y., Song, T., Guan, Z., Tong, Z., Nan, J., & Lee, C-S. (2023). Dendrite-Free Sodium Metal Anodes Via Solid Electrolyte Interphase Engineering With a Covalent Organic Framework Separator. Advanced Energy Materials, 13(15), [2204083], which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202204083. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited.
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Abstract

Solid electrolyte interphases (SEIs) play a crucial role in keeping sodium metal anodes (SMAs) intact and improving battery life. However, the SEIs arising from irreversible reactions between metallic Na and electrolytes fail to suppress Na dendrite growth and have sluggish Na⁺ kinetics. Herein, a functionalized separator modified by a sp² carbon conjugated-covalent organic framework (sp²c-COF) is proposed to induce a robust SEI. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses and theoretical calculations demonstrate that the SEI is rich in NaF because the structure of NaPF₆ is unstable due to influences from the COF separator. In situ observations show that the Na dendrite is effectively suppressed even at a high current density of 20 mA cm^-2. Satisfactorily, the COF separator exhibits a high transference number of 0.78, achieving a fast Na plating/stripping process. Based on these superiorities, a symmetric cell Na|COF|Na shows stable cycling for over 1500 h at 20 mA cm^-2. In addition, full cells Na|COF|NaTi₂(PO₄)₃ (NTPO) present good rate performance (30 and 50 C) and excellent cycling stability over 5000 cycles at 5 and 10 C. The application of COFs to improve SMAs in this work demonstrates a new strategy for improving sodium metal batteries. © 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH