Decoupling Strategy of Metasurface to Realize Independent Sensing and Wave Manipulations at the Same Time

Qun Yan Zhou; Lijie Wu; Hui Dong Li; Jia Chen Wang; Siran Wang; Jiang Luo; Shuo Liu; Jitong Ma; Jun Yan Dai; Qiang Cheng; Tie Jun Cui

doi:10.1002/adma.202500266

Decoupling Strategy of Metasurface to Realize Independent Sensing and Wave Manipulations at the Same Time

Qun Yan Zhou (Co-first Author)
, Lijie Wu (Co-first Author)
, Hui Dong Li (Co-first Author)
, Jia Chen Wang
, Siran Wang
, Jiang Luo
, Shuo Liu
, Jitong Ma^*
, Jun Yan Dai^*
, Qiang Cheng^*
, Tie Jun Cui^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves (City University of Hong Kong)

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

12 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

In recent years, integrating electromagnetic (EM) sensing and wave manipulation has become crucial for future wireless developments, significantly enhancing the application performance by acquiring complex environmental information and optimizing the distribution of EM resources. Metasurface offers unprecedented control over sensing and wave manipulation, yet a conflict arises in achieving both simultaneously. To solve the problem, a decoupling strategy is proposed to simultaneously realize sensing and wave manipulation using a space-time-coding digital metasurface (STCDM) without integrating any sensors. A space-time-coding matrix is constructed by allocating the reflectivity of all meta- atoms across the space-time dimensions, enabling arbitrary manipulation of EM waves while simultaneously acquiring the sensing information at the incident frequency from metasurface. Excellent accuracy of direction-of-arrival estimation and wave manipulation confirms the decoupling method. An adaptive STCDM system is built up to validate the strategy in wireless communications. The measured results show that the adaptive STCDM enables independent sensing and wireless communications at the same time for targets located at different positions without integrating any sensors. The proposed method may find potential applications in wireless communication, radar, and Internet of Things systems. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

Original language	English
Article number	2500266
Number of pages	9
Journal	Advanced Materials
Volume	37
Issue number	21
Online published	3 Apr 2025
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202500266
Publication status	Published - 26 May 2025

Funding

Q.Z., L.W., and H.L. contributed equally to this work. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSFC) for Distinguished Young Scholars of China (62225108), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFB3811502, 2024YFB2907800, 2023YFB3811504), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62288101, 62201139, U22A2001), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2242022k60003, 2242024RCB0005), the Jiangsu Province Frontier Leading Technology Basic Research Project (BK20212002), the Jiangsu Provincial Scientific Research Center of Applied Mathematics (BK20233002), the Jiangsu Science and Technology Research Plan (BK20243028), and the 111 Project (111\u20102\u201005), SEU Innovation Capability Enhancement Plan for Doctoral Students (CXJH_SEU 25076).

Research Keywords

Integrating sensing and wave manipulation
metasurface
space-time coding
wave manipulation
wireless sensing

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title = "Decoupling Strategy of Metasurface to Realize Independent Sensing and Wave Manipulations at the Same Time",

abstract = "In recent years, integrating electromagnetic (EM) sensing and wave manipulation has become crucial for future wireless developments, significantly enhancing the application performance by acquiring complex environmental information and optimizing the distribution of EM resources. Metasurface offers unprecedented control over sensing and wave manipulation, yet a conflict arises in achieving both simultaneously. To solve the problem, a decoupling strategy is proposed to simultaneously realize sensing and wave manipulation using a space-time-coding digital metasurface (STCDM) without integrating any sensors. A space-time-coding matrix is constructed by allocating the reflectivity of all meta- atoms across the space-time dimensions, enabling arbitrary manipulation of EM waves while simultaneously acquiring the sensing information at the incident frequency from metasurface. Excellent accuracy of direction-of-arrival estimation and wave manipulation confirms the decoupling method. An adaptive STCDM system is built up to validate the strategy in wireless communications. The measured results show that the adaptive STCDM enables independent sensing and wireless communications at the same time for targets located at different positions without integrating any sensors. The proposed method may find potential applications in wireless communication, radar, and Internet of Things systems. {\textcopyright} 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.",

keywords = "Integrating sensing and wave manipulation, metasurface, space-time coding, wave manipulation, wireless sensing",

author = "Zhou, \{Qun Yan\} and Lijie Wu and Li, \{Hui Dong\} and Wang, \{Jia Chen\} and Siran Wang and Jiang Luo and Shuo Liu and Jitong Ma and Dai, \{Jun Yan\} and Qiang Cheng and Cui, \{Tie Jun\}",

year = "2025",

month = may,

day = "26",

doi = "10.1002/adma.202500266",

language = "English",

volume = "37",

journal = "Advanced Materials",

issn = "0935-9648",

publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",

number = "21",

}

Decoupling Strategy of Metasurface to Realize Independent Sensing and Wave Manipulations at the Same Time. / Zhou, Qun Yan (Co-first Author); Wu, Lijie (Co-first Author); Li, Hui Dong (Co-first Author) et al.
In: Advanced Materials, Vol. 37, No. 21, 2500266, 26.05.2025.

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Decoupling Strategy of Metasurface to Realize Independent Sensing and Wave Manipulations at the Same Time

AU - Zhou, Qun Yan

AU - Wu, Lijie

AU - Li, Hui Dong

AU - Wang, Jia Chen

AU - Wang, Siran

AU - Luo, Jiang

AU - Liu, Shuo

AU - Ma, Jitong

AU - Dai, Jun Yan

AU - Cheng, Qiang

AU - Cui, Tie Jun

PY - 2025/5/26

Y1 - 2025/5/26

N2 - In recent years, integrating electromagnetic (EM) sensing and wave manipulation has become crucial for future wireless developments, significantly enhancing the application performance by acquiring complex environmental information and optimizing the distribution of EM resources. Metasurface offers unprecedented control over sensing and wave manipulation, yet a conflict arises in achieving both simultaneously. To solve the problem, a decoupling strategy is proposed to simultaneously realize sensing and wave manipulation using a space-time-coding digital metasurface (STCDM) without integrating any sensors. A space-time-coding matrix is constructed by allocating the reflectivity of all meta- atoms across the space-time dimensions, enabling arbitrary manipulation of EM waves while simultaneously acquiring the sensing information at the incident frequency from metasurface. Excellent accuracy of direction-of-arrival estimation and wave manipulation confirms the decoupling method. An adaptive STCDM system is built up to validate the strategy in wireless communications. The measured results show that the adaptive STCDM enables independent sensing and wireless communications at the same time for targets located at different positions without integrating any sensors. The proposed method may find potential applications in wireless communication, radar, and Internet of Things systems. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

AB - In recent years, integrating electromagnetic (EM) sensing and wave manipulation has become crucial for future wireless developments, significantly enhancing the application performance by acquiring complex environmental information and optimizing the distribution of EM resources. Metasurface offers unprecedented control over sensing and wave manipulation, yet a conflict arises in achieving both simultaneously. To solve the problem, a decoupling strategy is proposed to simultaneously realize sensing and wave manipulation using a space-time-coding digital metasurface (STCDM) without integrating any sensors. A space-time-coding matrix is constructed by allocating the reflectivity of all meta- atoms across the space-time dimensions, enabling arbitrary manipulation of EM waves while simultaneously acquiring the sensing information at the incident frequency from metasurface. Excellent accuracy of direction-of-arrival estimation and wave manipulation confirms the decoupling method. An adaptive STCDM system is built up to validate the strategy in wireless communications. The measured results show that the adaptive STCDM enables independent sensing and wireless communications at the same time for targets located at different positions without integrating any sensors. The proposed method may find potential applications in wireless communication, radar, and Internet of Things systems. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

KW - Integrating sensing and wave manipulation

KW - metasurface

KW - space-time coding

KW - wave manipulation

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U2 - 10.1002/adma.202500266

DO - 10.1002/adma.202500266

M3 - RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal

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JO - Advanced Materials

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ER -

Decoupling Strategy of Metasurface to Realize Independent Sensing and Wave Manipulations at the Same Time

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