Declining oxygen in the global ocean and coastal waters

Denise Breitburg; Lisa A. Levin; Andreas Oschlies; Marilaure Grégoire; Francisco P. Chavez; Daniel J. Conley; Véronique Garçon; Denis Gilbert; Dimitri Gutiérrez; Kirsten Isensee; Gil S. Jacinto; Karin E. Limburg; Ivonne Montes; S. W.A. Naqvi; Grant C. Pitcher; Nancy N. Rabalais; Michael R. Roman; Kenneth A. Rose; Brad A. Seibel; Maciej Telszewski; Moriaki Yasuhara; Jing Zhang

doi:10.1126/science.aam7240

Declining oxygen in the global ocean and coastal waters

Denise Breitburg, Lisa A. Levin, Andreas Oschlies, Marilaure Grégoire, Francisco P. Chavez, Daniel J. Conley, Véronique Garçon, Denis Gilbert, Dimitri Gutiérrez, Kirsten Isensee, Gil S. Jacinto, Karin E. Limburg, Ivonne Montes, S. W.A. Naqvi, Grant C. Pitcher, Nancy N. Rabalais, Michael R. Roman, Kenneth A. Rose, Brad A. Seibel, Maciej TelszewskiMoriaki Yasuhara, Jing Zhang

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › Comment/debate

2341 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Oxygen is fundamental to life. Not only is it essential for the survival of individual animals, but it regulates global cycles of major nutrients and carbon. The oxygen content of the open ocean and coastal waters has been declining for at least the past half-century, largely because of human activities that have increased global temperatures and nutrients discharged to coastal waters. These changes have accelerated consumption of oxygen by microbial respiration, reduced solubility of oxygen in water, and reduced the rate of oxygen resupply from the atmosphere to the ocean interior, with a wide range of biological and ecological consequences. Further research is needed to understand and predict long-term, global-and regional-scale oxygen changes and their effects on marine and estuarine fisheries and ecosystems.

Original language	English
Article number	eaam7240
Journal	Science
Volume	359
Issue number	6371
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aam7240
Publication status	Published - 5 Jan 2018
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Publication details (e.g. title, author(s), publication statuses and dates) are captured on an “AS IS” and “AS AVAILABLE” basis at the time of record harvesting from the data source. Suggestions for further amendments or supplementary information can be sent to <a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a>.

Funding

We thank IOC-UNESCO for financial support and for initiating and supporting the Global Ocean Oxygen Network. We also thank R. Diaz for help with updating the list of coastal sites that have reported hypoxia (Fig. 1A); B. Michael and M. Trice of the Maryland Department of Natural Resources for help with the Maryland water quality database; and our many current and past collaborators on deoxygenation research in coastal systems, OMZs, the Black Sea, and elsewhere. Funding was provided by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)–Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research grant NA10NOS4780138 and Maryland Sea Grant SA75281450-P (to D.B.), NSF-EAR grant 1324095 (to L.A.L.), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft via grant SFB754 (to A.O.), and the Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique and the BENTHOX program grant T.1009.15 (to M.G.). This study was partly supported by the BONUS COCOA project (grant 2112932-1), funded jointly by the European Union and the Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning.

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Breitburg, D., Levin, L. A., Oschlies, A., Grégoire, M., Chavez, F. P., Conley, D. J., Garçon, V., Gilbert, D., Gutiérrez, D., Isensee, K., Jacinto, G. S., Limburg, K. E., Montes, I., Naqvi, S. W. A., Pitcher, G. C., Rabalais, N. N., Roman, M. R., Rose, K. A., Seibel, B. A., ... Zhang, J. (2018). Declining oxygen in the global ocean and coastal waters. Science, 359(6371), Article eaam7240. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aam7240

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title = "Declining oxygen in the global ocean and coastal waters",

abstract = "Oxygen is fundamental to life. Not only is it essential for the survival of individual animals, but it regulates global cycles of major nutrients and carbon. The oxygen content of the open ocean and coastal waters has been declining for at least the past half-century, largely because of human activities that have increased global temperatures and nutrients discharged to coastal waters. These changes have accelerated consumption of oxygen by microbial respiration, reduced solubility of oxygen in water, and reduced the rate of oxygen resupply from the atmosphere to the ocean interior, with a wide range of biological and ecological consequences. Further research is needed to understand and predict long-term, global-and regional-scale oxygen changes and their effects on marine and estuarine fisheries and ecosystems.",

author = "Denise Breitburg and Levin, {Lisa A.} and Andreas Oschlies and Marilaure Gr{\'e}goire and Chavez, {Francisco P.} and Conley, {Daniel J.} and V{\'e}ronique Gar{\c c}on and Denis Gilbert and Dimitri Guti{\'e}rrez and Kirsten Isensee and Jacinto, {Gil S.} and Limburg, {Karin E.} and Ivonne Montes and Naqvi, {S. W.A.} and Pitcher, {Grant C.} and Rabalais, {Nancy N.} and Roman, {Michael R.} and Rose, {Kenneth A.} and Seibel, {Brad A.} and Maciej Telszewski and Moriaki Yasuhara and Jing Zhang",

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Breitburg, D, Levin, LA, Oschlies, A, Grégoire, M, Chavez, FP, Conley, DJ, Garçon, V, Gilbert, D, Gutiérrez, D, Isensee, K, Jacinto, GS, Limburg, KE, Montes, I, Naqvi, SWA, Pitcher, GC, Rabalais, NN, Roman, MR, Rose, KA, Seibel, BA, Telszewski, M, Yasuhara, M & Zhang, J 2018, 'Declining oxygen in the global ocean and coastal waters', Science, vol. 359, no. 6371, eaam7240. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aam7240

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T1 - Declining oxygen in the global ocean and coastal waters

AU - Breitburg, Denise

AU - Levin, Lisa A.

AU - Oschlies, Andreas

AU - Grégoire, Marilaure

AU - Chavez, Francisco P.

AU - Conley, Daniel J.

AU - Garçon, Véronique

AU - Gilbert, Denis

AU - Gutiérrez, Dimitri

AU - Isensee, Kirsten

AU - Jacinto, Gil S.

AU - Limburg, Karin E.

AU - Montes, Ivonne

AU - Naqvi, S. W.A.

AU - Pitcher, Grant C.

AU - Rabalais, Nancy N.

AU - Roman, Michael R.

AU - Rose, Kenneth A.

AU - Seibel, Brad A.

AU - Telszewski, Maciej

AU - Yasuhara, Moriaki

AU - Zhang, Jing

N1 - Publication details (e.g. title, author(s), publication statuses and dates) are captured on an “AS IS” and “AS AVAILABLE” basis at the time of record harvesting from the data source. Suggestions for further amendments or supplementary information can be sent to <a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a>.

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N2 - Oxygen is fundamental to life. Not only is it essential for the survival of individual animals, but it regulates global cycles of major nutrients and carbon. The oxygen content of the open ocean and coastal waters has been declining for at least the past half-century, largely because of human activities that have increased global temperatures and nutrients discharged to coastal waters. These changes have accelerated consumption of oxygen by microbial respiration, reduced solubility of oxygen in water, and reduced the rate of oxygen resupply from the atmosphere to the ocean interior, with a wide range of biological and ecological consequences. Further research is needed to understand and predict long-term, global-and regional-scale oxygen changes and their effects on marine and estuarine fisheries and ecosystems.

AB - Oxygen is fundamental to life. Not only is it essential for the survival of individual animals, but it regulates global cycles of major nutrients and carbon. The oxygen content of the open ocean and coastal waters has been declining for at least the past half-century, largely because of human activities that have increased global temperatures and nutrients discharged to coastal waters. These changes have accelerated consumption of oxygen by microbial respiration, reduced solubility of oxygen in water, and reduced the rate of oxygen resupply from the atmosphere to the ocean interior, with a wide range of biological and ecological consequences. Further research is needed to understand and predict long-term, global-and regional-scale oxygen changes and their effects on marine and estuarine fisheries and ecosystems.

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SN - 0036-8075

VL - 359

JO - Science

JF - Science

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M1 - eaam7240

ER -

Declining oxygen in the global ocean and coastal waters

Abstract

Bibliographical note

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