De-triadization: examining the definition of desistance from ex-triad members

Hong Kong Triad Society is vastly different from street gangs regarding the size, duration of memberships, structure, and the nature of offending. In the current understandings, gang desistance is conceptualized as an outcome of de-identification and a process of disengagement. Still, the desisted members can mostly maintain their former routine activities, connections, and networks despite being desisted. However, scarce research on Triad rehabilitation created the unexplored situation of Triad desistance. The present study interviewed ex-triad Christians to examine their journey of desistance. From their narratives, this study conceptualized Triad desistance (namely de-Triadization) and compared it with the current understanding of desistance. In addition to de-identification and disengagement, de-Triadization requires the discontinuity of subcultural influences as well. Hence, de-Triadized persons can continually minimize the risk of re-engagement with Triad society and stay in a crime-free lifestyle. This study has complimented the understanding of Triad desistance and offered insights for future studies. Impacts on other criminal organizations are also discussed.