Abstract
Background Climate change and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are a global public health threats affecting ecosystems, economies, and human health. With AMR causing nearly 5 million deaths annually and posing severe economic risks, this review examines their linkages and highlights potential solutions to address these escalating crises effectively.
Methods This scoping review explored the relationship between climate change and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) using the PCC framework (Population, Concept, Context) and PRISMA guidelines. Comprehensive searches across multiple databases and gray literature identified relevant studies. Inclusion criteria emphasized research on climate-related factors and AMR, while exclusion criteria omitted unrelated or incomplete studies. Data extraction followed a structured format, with quality assessed via Joanna Briggs Institute tools. Findings were synthesized using descriptive statistics and qualitative methods to highlight patterns and linkages, ensuring a thorough review process.
Results The study analyzed 58 studies, grouped into five themes: climate change-AMR interconnection, agricultural impacts on the dual health crisis, environmental change drivers in water systems, mitigation models, and One Health approaches. Climate change accelerates AMR through rising temperatures, altered ecosystems, and extreme weather, which enhance resistance gene mobility. Agricultural activities contribute to AMR spreading via soil degradation, pesticide use, and contamination. Models like LF2000-WQX and Lotka-Volterra explore antibiotic fate and resistance dynamics. A One Health approach integrates human, animal, and environmental health to address these dual threats. Key strategies involve identifying climate-sensitive AMR pathways, strengthening surveillance, sustainable antimicrobial use, and fostering cross-sectoral collaboration to build resilient systems and enhance global health security.
Conclusion and recommendations The study emphasizes the link between climate change and antimicrobial resistance (AMR), driven by agricultural activities, water systems, and extreme weather. It calls for integrated One Health strategies, including climate resilience, sustainable practices, and policies. Recommendations focus on improving waste management, regulating antibiotic use, and raising public awareness to address these global health challenges effectively.
© The Author(s) 2025
Methods This scoping review explored the relationship between climate change and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) using the PCC framework (Population, Concept, Context) and PRISMA guidelines. Comprehensive searches across multiple databases and gray literature identified relevant studies. Inclusion criteria emphasized research on climate-related factors and AMR, while exclusion criteria omitted unrelated or incomplete studies. Data extraction followed a structured format, with quality assessed via Joanna Briggs Institute tools. Findings were synthesized using descriptive statistics and qualitative methods to highlight patterns and linkages, ensuring a thorough review process.
Results The study analyzed 58 studies, grouped into five themes: climate change-AMR interconnection, agricultural impacts on the dual health crisis, environmental change drivers in water systems, mitigation models, and One Health approaches. Climate change accelerates AMR through rising temperatures, altered ecosystems, and extreme weather, which enhance resistance gene mobility. Agricultural activities contribute to AMR spreading via soil degradation, pesticide use, and contamination. Models like LF2000-WQX and Lotka-Volterra explore antibiotic fate and resistance dynamics. A One Health approach integrates human, animal, and environmental health to address these dual threats. Key strategies involve identifying climate-sensitive AMR pathways, strengthening surveillance, sustainable antimicrobial use, and fostering cross-sectoral collaboration to build resilient systems and enhance global health security.
Conclusion and recommendations The study emphasizes the link between climate change and antimicrobial resistance (AMR), driven by agricultural activities, water systems, and extreme weather. It calls for integrated One Health strategies, including climate resilience, sustainable practices, and policies. Recommendations focus on improving waste management, regulating antibiotic use, and raising public awareness to address these global health challenges effectively.
© The Author(s) 2025
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 148 |
| Journal | Discover public health |
| Volume | 22 |
| Online published | 10 Apr 2025 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2025 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Funding
There is no fund received from any organization to conduct this study. However, expense for data collection was covered by principal investigator.
Research Keywords
- Antimicrobial resistance (AMR)
- One health approach
- Climate resilience
- Sustainable practices
- Environmental health
Publisher's Copyright Statement
- This full text is made available under CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
