Chinese Foreign Policy and the Arctic Region

The Arctic is characterized by a complex set of socio-economic, political and environmental dynamics connecting actors both within and outside of the region. Among the non-Arctic states, China occupies a prominent position due to its growing influence in world politics and expanding military capabilities. Although China has not published any official Arctic policy, over the past decade, it has been steadily increasing its presence there and came to call itself an Arctic stakeholder. My research seeks answers to the following three interrelated questions: What are the motives behind China`s engagement with the Arctic? Who are the main domestic actors influencing China`s foreign policy in the region? What do Chinese activities in the Arctic tell us about its broader international behavior? In answering these, I shall analyze the Chinese engagement with the Arctic first from an international and then from a domestic perspective. Internationally, it is important to assess China`s relative power and its place within the changing structure of the international system as well as its 'cross-regional diplomacy'. Domestically, I will examine the interests of China`s large state owned enterprises and local governments in the Arctic. I will also analyze the works of China`s Arctic scholars and academics written in Chinese since China`s top leaders often consult researchers and leading intellectuals on certain foreign policy topics. The examination of these 'foreign policy actors on the margins' is of utmost importance as they have the power to influence China`s foreign policy decision making. My research will heavily draw on Neoclassical Realism to model China`s behavior. In accordance with this theory, I expect China to increase its scientific and economic presence in the region. Politically, China will seek an increased voice in matters related to Arctic governance, strengthen bilateral relations with small Arctic states and present itself as a partner for Arctic development.