Central synapse and neuromuscular junction: same players, different roles

The central synapse in the brain and the neuromuscular synapse between motor neuron and muscle fiber are structurally and functionally distinct. Recent studies, however, have identified the localization and potential functions of signaling molecules common to both types of synapse. Strikingly, many of these molecules also have important roles in axon guidance and neurite outgrowth. Among these molecules are the cyclin-dependent kinase Cdk5, agrin, the agrin receptor MuSK, ephrin and the ephrin receptor Eph. Here we summarize the recent findings illustrating the diverse functions of these multi-talented molecules.