Bosonic Phases across the Superconductor-Insulator Transitions in Infinite-Layer Samarium Nickelate

Menghan Liao; Heng Wang; Mingwei Yang; Chuanwu Cao; Jiayin Tang; Wenjing Xu; Xianfeng Wu; Guangdi Zhou; Haoliang Huang; Kaiwei Chen; Yuying Zhu; Peng Deng; Jianhao Chen; Zhuoyu Chen; Danfeng Li; Kai Chang; Qi-Kun Xue

doi:10.1103/rrc1-cqdy

Bosonic Phases across the Superconductor-Insulator Transitions in Infinite-Layer Samarium Nickelate

Menghan Liao^* (Co-first Author), Heng Wang (Co-first Author), Mingwei Yang (Co-first Author), Chuanwu Cao (Co-first Author), Jiayin Tang, Wenjing Xu, Xianfeng Wu, Guangdi Zhou, Haoliang Huang, Kaiwei Chen, Yuying Zhu, Peng Deng, Jianhao Chen, Zhuoyu Chen^*, Danfeng Li^*, Kai Chang^*, Qi-Kun Xue

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

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Abstract

Superconductivity arises from the global phase coherence of Cooper pairs. Modulation of phase coherence leads to quantum phase transitions, serving as an important tool for studying unconventional superconductivity. Here, we demonstrate bosonic phases across the superconductor-insulator transition in infinite-layer nickelate superconducting films by the control of spatially periodic network patterns. Magnetoresistance oscillations with a periodicity of h/2e provide direct evidence of 2e Cooper pairing in nickelates. The phase transition is predominantly driven by enhanced superconducting fluctuations, and Cooper pairs are involved in charge transport across the transition. Notably, we observe two types of anomalous metallic phases, emerging, respectively, at finite magnetic fields and down to zero magnetic field. They can be characterized by bosonic excitations, suggesting the dynamic roles of vortices in the ground states. Our work establishes nickelates as a key platform for investigating the rich landscape of bosonic phases controlled via the phase coherence of Cooper pairs.

Original language	English
Article number	011029
Number of pages	9
Journal	Physical Review X
Volume	16
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/rrc1-cqdy
Publication status	Published - Jan 2026

Funding

We thank Haiwen Liu for helpful discussions. This work is financially supported by National Key R&D Program of China [2024YFA1408101 (Z. C.), 2022YFA1403101 (Z. C.), 2024YFA1409001 (J. C.)]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [92565102 (M. L.), 92565303 (Z. C.), 92265112 (Z. C.), 12374455 (Z. C.), 52388201 (Z. C.), 92165104, 12074038 (K. C.), 12504161 (H. W.), 12504166 (Z. G), 92265106 (J. C.), 12304189 (P. D.)]; Quantum Science and Technology-National Science and Technology Major Project [2023ZD0300500 (K. C.), 2021ZD0302403 (J. C.), 2023ZD0300502 (P. D.)]; Guangdong Major Project of Basic Research [2025B0303000004 (Z. C.)]; Quantum Science Strategic Initiative of Guangdong Province [Grants No. GDZX2501001, No. GDZX2401004, No. GDZX2201001 (Z. C.)]; Municipal Funding Co-Construction Program of Shenzhen [Grants No. SZZX2401001, No. SZZX2301004 (Z. C.)]; Science and Technology Program of Shenzhen [Grant No. KQTD20240729102026004 (Z. C.)]; Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission [Z221100002722013 (K. C.)]; Scientific Research Innovation Capability Support Project for Young Faculty [ZYGXQNJSKYCXNLZCXM-D5 (K. C.)]; International Station of Quantum Materials (Z. C.); Beijing Natural Science Foundation [1232035 (P. D.)]. The work performed at City University of Hong Kong was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12174325), a Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Grant (2023A1515011352), and by research grants from the Research Grants Council (RGC) of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China, under Early Career Scheme, General Research Fund and ANR-RGC Joint Research Scheme (CityU 21301221, CityU 11309622, CityU 11300923, CityU 11313325, and A-CityU102/23). Part of the work utilized the equipment support through a Collaborative Research Equipment Grant from RGC (C1018-22E).

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abstract = "Superconductivity arises from the global phase coherence of Cooper pairs. Modulation of phase coherence leads to quantum phase transitions, serving as an important tool for studying unconventional superconductivity. Here, we demonstrate bosonic phases across the superconductor-insulator transition in infinite-layer nickelate superconducting films by the control of spatially periodic network patterns. Magnetoresistance oscillations with a periodicity of h/2e provide direct evidence of 2e Cooper pairing in nickelates. The phase transition is predominantly driven by enhanced superconducting fluctuations, and Cooper pairs are involved in charge transport across the transition. Notably, we observe two types of anomalous metallic phases, emerging, respectively, at finite magnetic fields and down to zero magnetic field. They can be characterized by bosonic excitations, suggesting the dynamic roles of vortices in the ground states. Our work establishes nickelates as a key platform for investigating the rich landscape of bosonic phases controlled via the phase coherence of Cooper pairs.",

author = "Menghan Liao and Heng Wang and Mingwei Yang and Chuanwu Cao and Jiayin Tang and Wenjing Xu and Xianfeng Wu and Guangdi Zhou and Haoliang Huang and Kaiwei Chen and Yuying Zhu and Peng Deng and Jianhao Chen and Zhuoyu Chen and Danfeng Li and Kai Chang and Qi-Kun Xue",

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Bosonic Phases across the Superconductor-Insulator Transitions in Infinite-Layer Samarium Nickelate. / Liao, Menghan (Co-first Author); Wang, Heng (Co-first Author); Yang, Mingwei (Co-first Author) et al.
In: Physical Review X, Vol. 16, No. 1, 011029, 01.2026.

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

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AU - Liao, Menghan

AU - Wang, Heng

AU - Yang, Mingwei

AU - Cao, Chuanwu

AU - Tang, Jiayin

AU - Xu, Wenjing

AU - Wu, Xianfeng

AU - Zhou, Guangdi

AU - Huang, Haoliang

AU - Chen, Kaiwei

AU - Zhu, Yuying

AU - Deng, Peng

AU - Chen, Jianhao

AU - Chen, Zhuoyu

AU - Li, Danfeng

AU - Chang, Kai

AU - Xue, Qi-Kun

PY - 2026/1

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AB - Superconductivity arises from the global phase coherence of Cooper pairs. Modulation of phase coherence leads to quantum phase transitions, serving as an important tool for studying unconventional superconductivity. Here, we demonstrate bosonic phases across the superconductor-insulator transition in infinite-layer nickelate superconducting films by the control of spatially periodic network patterns. Magnetoresistance oscillations with a periodicity of h/2e provide direct evidence of 2e Cooper pairing in nickelates. The phase transition is predominantly driven by enhanced superconducting fluctuations, and Cooper pairs are involved in charge transport across the transition. Notably, we observe two types of anomalous metallic phases, emerging, respectively, at finite magnetic fields and down to zero magnetic field. They can be characterized by bosonic excitations, suggesting the dynamic roles of vortices in the ground states. Our work establishes nickelates as a key platform for investigating the rich landscape of bosonic phases controlled via the phase coherence of Cooper pairs.

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Bosonic Phases across the Superconductor-Insulator Transitions in Infinite-Layer Samarium Nickelate

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GRF: Unconventional Transition-metal Oxide Quantum Materials by Design Using Integrated Topotactic Synthesis Approaches

ANR: An atomic-level platform for probing intertwined orders in correlated quantum materials (ImagingQM)

GRF: Phase-Sensitive Measurements in Mesoscopic Nickelate Superconducting Junction Devices

Cite this

Bosonic Phases across the Superconductor-Insulator Transitions in Infinite-Layer Samarium Nickelate

Abstract

Funding

Publisher's Copyright Statement

RGC Funding Information

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Projects

GRF: Unconventional Transition-metal Oxide Quantum Materials by Design Using Integrated Topotactic Synthesis Approaches

ANR: An atomic-level platform for probing intertwined orders in correlated quantum materials (ImagingQM)

GRF: Phase-Sensitive Measurements in Mesoscopic Nickelate Superconducting Junction Devices

Cite this