Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate how short-term changes (1-, 3-, and 5-year) in obesity measures affect mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
Methods: We analyzed longitudinal data from the MJ Health Centre (n = 43,304 for the 1-year study; 24,295 for the 3-year study; 16,138 for the 5-year study) with median follow-up periods of 15.8, 13.9, and 12.3 years, respectively. Associations of short-term obesity indices changes with mortality and Framingham Risk Score changes were explored using time-dependent coefficient Cox regression models, restricted cubic splines, and multivariable linear regression models.
Results: All-cause mortality was negatively associated with short-term weight and BMI changes, with greater reductions causing poorer outcomes. Compared with stable groups, short-term reduced weight and BMI were associated with greater risks of all-cause mortality and CVD-specific mortality (5-year study only). Also, either 1- and 3-year reduced or 3-year increased waist circumference and waist to height ratio were related to higher all-cause and CVD deaths than stable groups, respectively. Nonlinear relationships indicated lower cutoff values for short-term changes in obesity indices in predicting all-cause mortality. Decreased obesity indices significantly improved CVD profiles.
Conclusions: Short-term changes in obesity indices show complex mortality risks, urging personalized approaches beyond a simple weight loss focus.
© 2024 The Authors. Obesity published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Obesity Society.
Methods: We analyzed longitudinal data from the MJ Health Centre (n = 43,304 for the 1-year study; 24,295 for the 3-year study; 16,138 for the 5-year study) with median follow-up periods of 15.8, 13.9, and 12.3 years, respectively. Associations of short-term obesity indices changes with mortality and Framingham Risk Score changes were explored using time-dependent coefficient Cox regression models, restricted cubic splines, and multivariable linear regression models.
Results: All-cause mortality was negatively associated with short-term weight and BMI changes, with greater reductions causing poorer outcomes. Compared with stable groups, short-term reduced weight and BMI were associated with greater risks of all-cause mortality and CVD-specific mortality (5-year study only). Also, either 1- and 3-year reduced or 3-year increased waist circumference and waist to height ratio were related to higher all-cause and CVD deaths than stable groups, respectively. Nonlinear relationships indicated lower cutoff values for short-term changes in obesity indices in predicting all-cause mortality. Decreased obesity indices significantly improved CVD profiles.
Conclusions: Short-term changes in obesity indices show complex mortality risks, urging personalized approaches beyond a simple weight loss focus.
© 2024 The Authors. Obesity published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Obesity Society.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1568-1584 |
| Journal | Obesity |
| Volume | 32 |
| Issue number | 8 |
| Online published | 24 Jun 2024 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Aug 2024 |
Funding
The authors thank the MJ Health Research Foundation for authorizing use of the MJ health data (authorization code: MJHR2019006A).Any interpretation or conclusion described in this paper does not represent the views of MJ Health Research Foundation. The authors also thank the Health and Welfare Data Science Centre, Ministry of Health and Welfare in Taiwan for the help of mortality data linkage. Moreover, the authors showed their great thanks to all participants for their participation in the MJ Health Centre prospective cohort study.
Publisher's Copyright Statement
- This full text is made available under CC-BY-NC 4.0. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
