A W-Band High-Gain Beam-Scanning Antenna Enabled by 3D Printed GRIN Flat Lens

Yiqing Sun; Chi Hou Chan; Geng-Bo Wu; Jin Chen

doi:10.1109/IMFW64610.2026.11419055

A W-Band High-Gain Beam-Scanning Antenna Enabled by 3D Printed GRIN Flat Lens

Research output: Chapters, Conference Papers, Creative and Literary Works › RGC 32 - Refereed conference paper (with host publication) › peer-review

Abstract

This paper presented a W-band high-gain antenna that consists of a GRIN flat lens and a planar magneto-electric (ME)-dipole feed antenna. The beam-scanning property is achieved by changing the location of the feed antenna on the focal plane. The broadband, highly directional flat lens comprises two types of unit structures with specially designed parameters to provide a gradient refractive index (RI) profile. The RI profile is derived from rectifying the local transmission phase. Due to its simple configuration, the lens is ideal for manufacturing using the 3D printing technique. A compact planar ME-dipole antenna is then developed as a feed source, presenting a wide impedance bandwidth that covers the entire W-band with stable gain performance. The lens antenna prototype is fabricated with its high-gain beam-scanning characteristics experimentally validated. The overall performance of the high-gain lens antenna demonstrates its significant potential for applications in millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies. © 2026 IEEE.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	2026 IEEE International Microwave Filter Workshop (IMFW)
Publisher	IEEE
Number of pages	3
ISBN (Electronic)	979-8-3315-5044-8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/IMFW64610.2026.11419055
Publication status	Published - 2026
Event	3rd IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Filter Workshop (IMFW 2026) - , Hong Kong, China Duration: 7 Feb 2026 → 9 Feb 2026 https://www.imfw-ieee.org/

Publication series

Name	IMFW - IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Filter Workshop

Conference

Conference	3rd IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Filter Workshop (IMFW 2026)
Abbreviated title	IEEE IMFW 2026
Place	Hong Kong, China
Period	7/02/26 → 9/02/26
Internet address	https://www.imfw-ieee.org/

Funding

This work is supported by the Shenzhen Natural Science Foundation Program JCYJ20230807114911024, the University Grants Committee/Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region CityU 21207824, and City University of Hong Kong under Grant CityU 9610655.

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10.1109/IMFW64610.2026.11419055

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@inproceedings{dba1c7279dd640949fb8b49558008882,

title = "A W-Band High-Gain Beam-Scanning Antenna Enabled by 3D Printed GRIN Flat Lens",

abstract = "This paper presented a W-band high-gain antenna that consists of a GRIN flat lens and a planar magneto-electric (ME)-dipole feed antenna. The beam-scanning property is achieved by changing the location of the feed antenna on the focal plane. The broadband, highly directional flat lens comprises two types of unit structures with specially designed parameters to provide a gradient refractive index (RI) profile. The RI profile is derived from rectifying the local transmission phase. Due to its simple configuration, the lens is ideal for manufacturing using the 3D printing technique. A compact planar ME-dipole antenna is then developed as a feed source, presenting a wide impedance bandwidth that covers the entire W-band with stable gain performance. The lens antenna prototype is fabricated with its high-gain beam-scanning characteristics experimentally validated. The overall performance of the high-gain lens antenna demonstrates its significant potential for applications in millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies. {\textcopyright} 2026 IEEE.",

author = "Yiqing Sun and Chan, \{Chi Hou\} and Geng-Bo Wu and Jin Chen",

year = "2026",

doi = "10.1109/IMFW64610.2026.11419055",

language = "English",

series = "IMFW - IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Filter Workshop",

publisher = "IEEE",

booktitle = "2026 IEEE International Microwave Filter Workshop (IMFW)",

address = "United States",

note = "3rd IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Filter Workshop (IMFW 2026), IEEE IMFW 2026 ; Conference date: 07-02-2026 Through 09-02-2026",

url = "https://www.imfw-ieee.org/",

}

Sun, Y , Chan, CH , Wu, G-B & Chen, J 2026, A W-Band High-Gain Beam-Scanning Antenna Enabled by 3D Printed GRIN Flat Lens. in 2026 IEEE International Microwave Filter Workshop (IMFW). IMFW - IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Filter Workshop, IEEE, 3rd IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Filter Workshop (IMFW 2026), Hong Kong, China, 7/02/26. https://doi.org/10.1109/IMFW64610.2026.11419055

A W-Band High-Gain Beam-Scanning Antenna Enabled by 3D Printed GRIN Flat Lens. / Sun, Yiqing ; Chan, Chi Hou ; Wu, Geng-Bo et al.
2026 IEEE International Microwave Filter Workshop (IMFW). IEEE, 2026. (IMFW - IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Filter Workshop).

Research output: Chapters, Conference Papers, Creative and Literary Works › RGC 32 - Refereed conference paper (with host publication) › peer-review

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T1 - A W-Band High-Gain Beam-Scanning Antenna Enabled by 3D Printed GRIN Flat Lens

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AU - Chan, Chi Hou

AU - Wu, Geng-Bo

AU - Chen, Jin

PY - 2026

Y1 - 2026

N2 - This paper presented a W-band high-gain antenna that consists of a GRIN flat lens and a planar magneto-electric (ME)-dipole feed antenna. The beam-scanning property is achieved by changing the location of the feed antenna on the focal plane. The broadband, highly directional flat lens comprises two types of unit structures with specially designed parameters to provide a gradient refractive index (RI) profile. The RI profile is derived from rectifying the local transmission phase. Due to its simple configuration, the lens is ideal for manufacturing using the 3D printing technique. A compact planar ME-dipole antenna is then developed as a feed source, presenting a wide impedance bandwidth that covers the entire W-band with stable gain performance. The lens antenna prototype is fabricated with its high-gain beam-scanning characteristics experimentally validated. The overall performance of the high-gain lens antenna demonstrates its significant potential for applications in millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies. © 2026 IEEE.

AB - This paper presented a W-band high-gain antenna that consists of a GRIN flat lens and a planar magneto-electric (ME)-dipole feed antenna. The beam-scanning property is achieved by changing the location of the feed antenna on the focal plane. The broadband, highly directional flat lens comprises two types of unit structures with specially designed parameters to provide a gradient refractive index (RI) profile. The RI profile is derived from rectifying the local transmission phase. Due to its simple configuration, the lens is ideal for manufacturing using the 3D printing technique. A compact planar ME-dipole antenna is then developed as a feed source, presenting a wide impedance bandwidth that covers the entire W-band with stable gain performance. The lens antenna prototype is fabricated with its high-gain beam-scanning characteristics experimentally validated. The overall performance of the high-gain lens antenna demonstrates its significant potential for applications in millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies. © 2026 IEEE.

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A W-Band High-Gain Beam-Scanning Antenna Enabled by 3D Printed GRIN Flat Lens

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A W-Band High-Gain Beam-Scanning Antenna Enabled by 3D Printed GRIN Flat Lens

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ECS: Advanced and Green Beamforming Metasurface Antennas for 6G

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