A study of a solvent extraction method for the treatment of spent electrolyte solutions generated in nickel-cadmium (ni-cd) battery manufacturing

Y. K.P. Sze; J. K.S. Lam

doi:10.1080/09593332008616889

A study of a solvent extraction method for the treatment of spent electrolyte solutions generated in nickel-cadmium (ni-cd) battery manufacturing

Y. K.P. Sze
, J. K.S. Lam

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

8 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Spent electrolyte generated in the Ni-Cd rechargeable battery manufacturing process containing about 400 g l−1 KOH, 50 g l−1 K2CO3 and 20 mg l−1 Cd, has a high reuse value if the cadmium is removed. We performed a systematic investigation to apply the solvent extraction technique to remove cadmium from the spent electrolyte. Potential extractants for cadmium were carefully selected and the performances of the solvents containing these extractants were studied. Amongst the ten extractants that were tested, three acidic chelating extractants, viz., Cyanex 301 (Cytec Canada Inc., a dithiophosphinic acid), Cyanex 302 (Cytec Canada Inc., a monothiophosphinic acid) and Kelex 100 (Witco, 7-alkyl-8-hydroxyquinolines) showed favourable extraction characteristics for cadmium from the highly concentrated alkaline medium. Kelex 100 also showed excellent back-extraction (stripping) characteristics for the cadmium extracted; cadmium could be quantiatively stripped from the Kelex 100 solutions with a 0.1 M HCl or 0.1 M H2SO4 solution. A process employing Kelex 100 as the extractant was developed. The feasibility of this process was demonstrated with automated mixer-settler solvent extraction units using real spent electrolyte generated in a Ni-Cd battery manufacturing plant. © 1999 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	943-951
Journal	Environmental Technology (United Kingdom)
Volume	20
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1080/09593332008616889
Publication status	Published - 1 Sept 1999

Bibliographical note

Publication details (e.g. title, author(s), publication statuses and dates) are captured on an “AS IS” and “AS AVAILABLE” basis at the time of record harvesting from the data source. Suggestions for further amendments or supplementary information can be sent to [email protected].

Funding

Thanks are due to Cytec Canada Inc. for supplies of Cyanex 272, Cyanex 301 and Cyanex 302; to Henkel Corporation for supplies of LIX 54, LIX 860 and LIX 984; and to Silva Industries Limited for supplies of spent potassium hydroxide solutions.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 9 Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure
SDG 12 Responsible Consumption and Production

Research Keywords

Cadmium decontamination
Potassium hydroxide recovery
Resources conservation
Solvent extraction
Waste treatment

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10.1080/09593332008616889

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title = "A study of a solvent extraction method for the treatment of spent electrolyte solutions generated in nickel-cadmium (ni-cd) battery manufacturing",

abstract = "Spent electrolyte generated in the Ni-Cd rechargeable battery manufacturing process containing about 400 g l−1 KOH, 50 g l−1 K2CO3 and 20 mg l−1 Cd, has a high reuse value if the cadmium is removed. We performed a systematic investigation to apply the solvent extraction technique to remove cadmium from the spent electrolyte. Potential extractants for cadmium were carefully selected and the performances of the solvents containing these extractants were studied. Amongst the ten extractants that were tested, three acidic chelating extractants, viz., Cyanex 301 (Cytec Canada Inc., a dithiophosphinic acid), Cyanex 302 (Cytec Canada Inc., a monothiophosphinic acid) and Kelex 100 (Witco, 7-alkyl-8-hydroxyquinolines) showed favourable extraction characteristics for cadmium from the highly concentrated alkaline medium. Kelex 100 also showed excellent back-extraction (stripping) characteristics for the cadmium extracted; cadmium could be quantiatively stripped from the Kelex 100 solutions with a 0.1 M HCl or 0.1 M H2SO4 solution. A process employing Kelex 100 as the extractant was developed. The feasibility of this process was demonstrated with automated mixer-settler solvent extraction units using real spent electrolyte generated in a Ni-Cd battery manufacturing plant. {\textcopyright} 1999 Taylor \& Francis Group, LLC.",

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A study of a solvent extraction method for the treatment of spent electrolyte solutions generated in nickel-cadmium (ni-cd) battery manufacturing. / Sze, Y. K.P.; Lam, J. K.S.
In: Environmental Technology (United Kingdom), Vol. 20, No. 9, 01.09.1999, p. 943-951.

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

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T1 - A study of a solvent extraction method for the treatment of spent electrolyte solutions generated in nickel-cadmium (ni-cd) battery manufacturing

AU - Sze, Y. K.P.

AU - Lam, J. K.S.

N1 - Publication details (e.g. title, author(s), publication statuses and dates) are captured on an “AS IS” and “AS AVAILABLE” basis at the time of record harvesting from the data source. Suggestions for further amendments or supplementary information can be sent to [email protected].

PY - 1999/9/1

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N2 - Spent electrolyte generated in the Ni-Cd rechargeable battery manufacturing process containing about 400 g l−1 KOH, 50 g l−1 K2CO3 and 20 mg l−1 Cd, has a high reuse value if the cadmium is removed. We performed a systematic investigation to apply the solvent extraction technique to remove cadmium from the spent electrolyte. Potential extractants for cadmium were carefully selected and the performances of the solvents containing these extractants were studied. Amongst the ten extractants that were tested, three acidic chelating extractants, viz., Cyanex 301 (Cytec Canada Inc., a dithiophosphinic acid), Cyanex 302 (Cytec Canada Inc., a monothiophosphinic acid) and Kelex 100 (Witco, 7-alkyl-8-hydroxyquinolines) showed favourable extraction characteristics for cadmium from the highly concentrated alkaline medium. Kelex 100 also showed excellent back-extraction (stripping) characteristics for the cadmium extracted; cadmium could be quantiatively stripped from the Kelex 100 solutions with a 0.1 M HCl or 0.1 M H2SO4 solution. A process employing Kelex 100 as the extractant was developed. The feasibility of this process was demonstrated with automated mixer-settler solvent extraction units using real spent electrolyte generated in a Ni-Cd battery manufacturing plant. © 1999 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

AB - Spent electrolyte generated in the Ni-Cd rechargeable battery manufacturing process containing about 400 g l−1 KOH, 50 g l−1 K2CO3 and 20 mg l−1 Cd, has a high reuse value if the cadmium is removed. We performed a systematic investigation to apply the solvent extraction technique to remove cadmium from the spent electrolyte. Potential extractants for cadmium were carefully selected and the performances of the solvents containing these extractants were studied. Amongst the ten extractants that were tested, three acidic chelating extractants, viz., Cyanex 301 (Cytec Canada Inc., a dithiophosphinic acid), Cyanex 302 (Cytec Canada Inc., a monothiophosphinic acid) and Kelex 100 (Witco, 7-alkyl-8-hydroxyquinolines) showed favourable extraction characteristics for cadmium from the highly concentrated alkaline medium. Kelex 100 also showed excellent back-extraction (stripping) characteristics for the cadmium extracted; cadmium could be quantiatively stripped from the Kelex 100 solutions with a 0.1 M HCl or 0.1 M H2SO4 solution. A process employing Kelex 100 as the extractant was developed. The feasibility of this process was demonstrated with automated mixer-settler solvent extraction units using real spent electrolyte generated in a Ni-Cd battery manufacturing plant. © 1999 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

KW - Cadmium decontamination

KW - Potassium hydroxide recovery

KW - Resources conservation

KW - Solvent extraction

KW - Waste treatment

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DO - 10.1080/09593332008616889

M3 - RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal

SN - 0959-3330

VL - 20

SP - 943

EP - 951

JO - Environmental Technology (United Kingdom)

JF - Environmental Technology (United Kingdom)

IS - 9

ER -

A study of a solvent extraction method for the treatment of spent electrolyte solutions generated in nickel-cadmium (ni-cd) battery manufacturing

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

UN SDGs

Research Keywords

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