A Review of Hybrid Three-Level ANPC Inverters: Topologies, Comparison, Challenges and Improvements in Applications

Xiaobin Mu; Hao Chen; Xiang Wang; Weimin Wu; Houqing Wang; Liang Yuan; Henry Shu-Hung Chung; Frede Blaabjerg

doi:10.3390/en18102613

A Review of Hybrid Three-Level ANPC Inverters: Topologies, Comparison, Challenges and Improvements in Applications

Xiaobin Mu, Hao Chen, Xiang Wang, Weimin Wu^*, Houqing Wang, Liang Yuan, Henry Shu-Hung Chung, Frede Blaabjerg^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

4 Citations (Scopus)

212 Downloads (CityUHK Scholars)

Abstract

Considering the cost, efficiency, power density, and other issues of the power electronic system, many papers have mixed the wide-bandgap (WBG) power devices, mainly SiC MOSFET and GaN FET/HEMT, with Si IGBT/MOSFET in the three-level active neutral-point clamped (T-ANPC) topology, forming the hybrid T-ANPC (HT-ANPC) topology. This paper reviews these latest HT-ANPC topologies from the perspective of the material types of switching devices and compares the advantages and disadvantages of various topologies. The potential challenges of HT-ANPC inverters in several mainstream applications are reviewed, and their improvements are compared and discussed in detail. Next, a brief topology selection and design process are provided based on analyzing various typical topologies. In addition, some future research trends on this topic are discussed. The paper will help researchers to select appropriate HT-ANPC topologies in different applications and have a better understanding of the critical issues to be considered during system design.

© 2025 by the authors.

Original language	English
Number of pages	36
Journal	Energies
Volume	18
Issue number	10
Online published	19 May 2025
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/en18102613
Publication status	Published - May 2025

Funding

This study is supported by the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Power Transmission Technology (Grant No. GEIRI-SKL-2023-003).

Research Keywords

hybrid three-level active neutral-point clamped (HT-ANPC) inverters
multilevel inverter (MLI)
voltage source inverter (VSI)
wide-bandgap (WBG) power devices

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This full text is made available under CC-BY 4.0. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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abstract = "Considering the cost, efficiency, power density, and other issues of the power electronic system, many papers have mixed the wide-bandgap (WBG) power devices, mainly SiC MOSFET and GaN FET/HEMT, with Si IGBT/MOSFET in the three-level active neutral-point clamped (T-ANPC) topology, forming the hybrid T-ANPC (HT-ANPC) topology. This paper reviews these latest HT-ANPC topologies from the perspective of the material types of switching devices and compares the advantages and disadvantages of various topologies. The potential challenges of HT-ANPC inverters in several mainstream applications are reviewed, and their improvements are compared and discussed in detail. Next, a brief topology selection and design process are provided based on analyzing various typical topologies. In addition, some future research trends on this topic are discussed. The paper will help researchers to select appropriate HT-ANPC topologies in different applications and have a better understanding of the critical issues to be considered during system design.{\textcopyright} 2025 by the authors.",

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AU - Mu, Xiaobin

AU - Chen, Hao

AU - Wang, Xiang

AU - Wu, Weimin

AU - Wang, Houqing

AU - Yuan, Liang

AU - Chung, Henry Shu-Hung

AU - Blaabjerg, Frede

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N2 - Considering the cost, efficiency, power density, and other issues of the power electronic system, many papers have mixed the wide-bandgap (WBG) power devices, mainly SiC MOSFET and GaN FET/HEMT, with Si IGBT/MOSFET in the three-level active neutral-point clamped (T-ANPC) topology, forming the hybrid T-ANPC (HT-ANPC) topology. This paper reviews these latest HT-ANPC topologies from the perspective of the material types of switching devices and compares the advantages and disadvantages of various topologies. The potential challenges of HT-ANPC inverters in several mainstream applications are reviewed, and their improvements are compared and discussed in detail. Next, a brief topology selection and design process are provided based on analyzing various typical topologies. In addition, some future research trends on this topic are discussed. The paper will help researchers to select appropriate HT-ANPC topologies in different applications and have a better understanding of the critical issues to be considered during system design.© 2025 by the authors.

AB - Considering the cost, efficiency, power density, and other issues of the power electronic system, many papers have mixed the wide-bandgap (WBG) power devices, mainly SiC MOSFET and GaN FET/HEMT, with Si IGBT/MOSFET in the three-level active neutral-point clamped (T-ANPC) topology, forming the hybrid T-ANPC (HT-ANPC) topology. This paper reviews these latest HT-ANPC topologies from the perspective of the material types of switching devices and compares the advantages and disadvantages of various topologies. The potential challenges of HT-ANPC inverters in several mainstream applications are reviewed, and their improvements are compared and discussed in detail. Next, a brief topology selection and design process are provided based on analyzing various typical topologies. In addition, some future research trends on this topic are discussed. The paper will help researchers to select appropriate HT-ANPC topologies in different applications and have a better understanding of the critical issues to be considered during system design.© 2025 by the authors.

KW - hybrid three-level active neutral-point clamped (HT-ANPC) inverters

KW - multilevel inverter (MLI)

KW - voltage source inverter (VSI)

KW - wide-bandgap (WBG) power devices

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M3 - RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal

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VL - 18

JO - Energies

JF - Energies

IS - 10

ER -

A Review of Hybrid Three-Level ANPC Inverters: Topologies, Comparison, Challenges and Improvements in Applications

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Research Keywords

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