A portable wireless spirometer device for long-term pulmonary function monitoring and training

Portable wireless respiration sensing devices provide a promising solution to the limitations of traditional spirometers, offering practical options for daily use and long-term monitoring. In this study, we introduce a compact and lightweight respiration sensing device (4.2 × 4.6 × 8.3 cm³, ∼78 g) that delivers real-time wireless feedback, enabling users to assess their pulmonary functions and adjust their breathing patterns for effective breathing training. The parameters of the airflow sensor were determined through theoretical deformation calculations, ensuring a sensing range that covers all potential human respiratory values. Additionally, an optimized airway design significantly improves the device's sensitivity, achieving approximately a 10.4-fold increase in airflow acceleration at the sensor position. This portable device features a cross-platform interactive graphical interface, making it suitable for various applications, such as convenient expiratory tests, daily exercise assessments, and breathing training. Experimental results demonstrate the device's capability to accurately distinguish the expiratory characteristics of six volunteers and effectively track respiratory recovery following high-intensity exercise. Furthermore, the device integrates seamlessly into engaging games designed to promote consistent breathing training. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.