A hierarchical event-driven emergency control method utilizing battery energy storage system

Event-driven emergency control (EEC) executes control actions immediately following a risky disturbance, which serves as an effective and efficient scheme to restore power system stability and prevent cascading events. With the increasing variational energy sources in the power grid, battery energy storage systems (BESS) have been widely deployed in the system for response-driven control services such as primary frequency control, but the role of BESS in EEC is yet to be recognized. Viewing BESS as a type of switching power source, this paper aims to investigate the capability of BESSs to participate in power system EEC through immediate tripping. A hierarchical control method considering the deviated control costs among different types of control actions, including BESS shedding and load shedding, is proposed, where trajectory sensitivity analysis is used in a hierarchical way to efficiently decide the optimal control strategy. The proposed method has been tested on an IEEE 39-bus system integrated with widespread renewable energy sources (RES) and BESSs for event-driven emergency control. It is demonstrated that the proposed method can well utilize the available BESS resources to reduce the control burden and costs of load shedding while meeting the required stability criteria, which validates the efficacy of BESSs in event-driven emergency control of renewable power systems. © 2022 The Institution of Engineering and Technology. All Rights Reserved.