A 0.8 GHz to 30.5 GHz Exponential Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna With Stable Radiation for Wideband Measurement Application

Guan-Long Huang; Ming-Feng Xu; Zi-Yu Pang; Hua-Feng Li; Rui-Sen Chen; Qiang Shao; Mustafa K. Taher Al-Nuaimi; Xian-Hui He; Geng-Bo Wu; Jing-Tao Zeng; Hua Yang

doi:10.1109/LAWP.2025.3590042

A 0.8 GHz to 30.5 GHz Exponential Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna With Stable Radiation for Wideband Measurement Application

Guan-Long Huang
, Ming-Feng Xu
, Zi-Yu Pang^*
, Hua-Feng Li
, Rui-Sen Chen
, Qiang Shao
, Mustafa K. Taher Al-Nuaimi
, Xian-Hui He
, Geng-Bo Wu
, Jing-Tao Zeng
, Hua Yang

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

This letter proposes a novel antipodal Vivaldi antenna with characteristics of ultrawideband and high gain with stable radiation pattern. To further enhance the working bandwidth from a traditional Vivaldi antenna, inclined "Z"-shaped slots and serrated slots are etched at the edge of the antipodal radiators to extend the antenna's current path, thereby improving its impedance matching at lower frequency band. On the other hand, to improve the low gain and deteriorated radiation patterns at higher frequency band, an elliptical director is embedded to focus the beam on the end fire direction so as to secure the antenna's radiation performance in a wide frequency range. Satisfactory agreement between measured and simulated results indicates that the proposed antenna can achieve an ultrawide bandwidth from 0.8 GHz to 30.5 GHz with reflection coefficient below −10 dB and 90% average radiation efficiency, and a peak gain of 15.5 dBi with stable radiation patterns, demonstrating significant potential for this antenna to be applied in ultrawideband measurement scenarios. © 2025 IEEE.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	3350-3354
Number of pages	5
Journal	IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters
Volume	24
Issue number	10
Online published	16 Jul 2025
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3590042
Publication status	Published - Oct 2025

Funding

This work was supported in part by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation under Grant 2023A1515030114; in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62371133 and Grant 62441104; and in part by the Department of Education of Guangdong Province, China under Grant 2022ZDZX1025

Research Keywords

Vivaldi antennas
Gain
Antenna measurements
Antennas
Antenna radiation patterns
Resonant frequency
Cutoff frequency
Slot antennas
Impedance matching
Ultra wideband antennas
Antipodal Vivaldi antenna
stable boresight radiation
ultrawideband
wideband measurement

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10.1109/LAWP.2025.3590042

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Huang, G.-L., Xu, M.-F., Pang, Z.-Y., Li, H.-F., Chen, R.-S., Shao, Q., Taher Al-Nuaimi, M. K., He, X.-H., Wu, G.-B., Zeng, J.-T., & Yang, H. (2025). A 0.8 GHz to 30.5 GHz Exponential Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna With Stable Radiation for Wideband Measurement Application. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 24(10), 3350-3354. https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3590042

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title = "A 0.8 GHz to 30.5 GHz Exponential Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna With Stable Radiation for Wideband Measurement Application",

abstract = "This letter proposes a novel antipodal Vivaldi antenna with characteristics of ultrawideband and high gain with stable radiation pattern. To further enhance the working bandwidth from a traditional Vivaldi antenna, inclined {"}Z{"}-shaped slots and serrated slots are etched at the edge of the antipodal radiators to extend the antenna's current path, thereby improving its impedance matching at lower frequency band. On the other hand, to improve the low gain and deteriorated radiation patterns at higher frequency band, an elliptical director is embedded to focus the beam on the end fire direction so as to secure the antenna's radiation performance in a wide frequency range. Satisfactory agreement between measured and simulated results indicates that the proposed antenna can achieve an ultrawide bandwidth from 0.8 GHz to 30.5 GHz with reflection coefficient below −10 dB and 90\% average radiation efficiency, and a peak gain of 15.5 dBi with stable radiation patterns, demonstrating significant potential for this antenna to be applied in ultrawideband measurement scenarios. {\textcopyright} 2025 IEEE.",

keywords = "Vivaldi antennas, Gain, Antenna measurements, Antennas, Antenna radiation patterns, Resonant frequency, Cutoff frequency, Slot antennas, Impedance matching, Ultra wideband antennas, Antipodal Vivaldi antenna, stable boresight radiation, ultrawideband, wideband measurement",

author = "Guan-Long Huang and Ming-Feng Xu and Zi-Yu Pang and Hua-Feng Li and Rui-Sen Chen and Qiang Shao and \{Taher Al-Nuaimi\}, \{Mustafa K.\} and Xian-Hui He and Geng-Bo Wu and Jing-Tao Zeng and Hua Yang",

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A 0.8 GHz to 30.5 GHz Exponential Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna With Stable Radiation for Wideband Measurement Application. / Huang, Guan-Long; Xu, Ming-Feng; Pang, Zi-Yu et al.
In: IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 24, No. 10, 10.2025, p. 3350-3354.

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - A 0.8 GHz to 30.5 GHz Exponential Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna With Stable Radiation for Wideband Measurement Application

AU - Huang, Guan-Long

AU - Xu, Ming-Feng

AU - Pang, Zi-Yu

AU - Li, Hua-Feng

AU - Chen, Rui-Sen

AU - Shao, Qiang

AU - Taher Al-Nuaimi, Mustafa K.

AU - He, Xian-Hui

AU - Wu, Geng-Bo

AU - Zeng, Jing-Tao

AU - Yang, Hua

PY - 2025/10

Y1 - 2025/10

N2 - This letter proposes a novel antipodal Vivaldi antenna with characteristics of ultrawideband and high gain with stable radiation pattern. To further enhance the working bandwidth from a traditional Vivaldi antenna, inclined "Z"-shaped slots and serrated slots are etched at the edge of the antipodal radiators to extend the antenna's current path, thereby improving its impedance matching at lower frequency band. On the other hand, to improve the low gain and deteriorated radiation patterns at higher frequency band, an elliptical director is embedded to focus the beam on the end fire direction so as to secure the antenna's radiation performance in a wide frequency range. Satisfactory agreement between measured and simulated results indicates that the proposed antenna can achieve an ultrawide bandwidth from 0.8 GHz to 30.5 GHz with reflection coefficient below −10 dB and 90% average radiation efficiency, and a peak gain of 15.5 dBi with stable radiation patterns, demonstrating significant potential for this antenna to be applied in ultrawideband measurement scenarios. © 2025 IEEE.

AB - This letter proposes a novel antipodal Vivaldi antenna with characteristics of ultrawideband and high gain with stable radiation pattern. To further enhance the working bandwidth from a traditional Vivaldi antenna, inclined "Z"-shaped slots and serrated slots are etched at the edge of the antipodal radiators to extend the antenna's current path, thereby improving its impedance matching at lower frequency band. On the other hand, to improve the low gain and deteriorated radiation patterns at higher frequency band, an elliptical director is embedded to focus the beam on the end fire direction so as to secure the antenna's radiation performance in a wide frequency range. Satisfactory agreement between measured and simulated results indicates that the proposed antenna can achieve an ultrawide bandwidth from 0.8 GHz to 30.5 GHz with reflection coefficient below −10 dB and 90% average radiation efficiency, and a peak gain of 15.5 dBi with stable radiation patterns, demonstrating significant potential for this antenna to be applied in ultrawideband measurement scenarios. © 2025 IEEE.

KW - Vivaldi antennas

KW - Gain

KW - Antenna measurements

KW - Antennas

KW - Antenna radiation patterns

KW - Resonant frequency

KW - Cutoff frequency

KW - Slot antennas

KW - Impedance matching

KW - Ultra wideband antennas

KW - Antipodal Vivaldi antenna

KW - stable boresight radiation

KW - ultrawideband

KW - wideband measurement

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U2 - 10.1109/LAWP.2025.3590042

DO - 10.1109/LAWP.2025.3590042

M3 - RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal

SN - 1536-1225

VL - 24

SP - 3350

EP - 3354

JO - IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters

JF - IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters

IS - 10

ER -

A 0.8 GHz to 30.5 GHz Exponential Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna With Stable Radiation for Wideband Measurement Application

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Research Keywords

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