音乐训练的 “关键期” 与 “敏感期” 及其音乐教育启示

The “critical period” and “sensitive period” are two related but also different concepts． Early studies about music training believed that early music training is important but later training is poor or even ineffective to the critical period during human's brain development． Subsequent studies have shown that the brain nervous system has lifelong plasticity and music training during the sensitive period has the significant effect on psychological cognition and neural construction． However, music training after the sensitive period can still improve mental cognition and shape the neurological function and structure of brain． Therefore, based on current studies about cognitive neuroscience, this review differentiates and analyzes the definition and main representations of critical period and sensitive period, and then put forward how to effectively and scientifically promote the development of music education．