面向可持续的城市停车管理: 国际比较与借鉴

Parking management has become an effective and widely accepted measure to limit car use worldwide. This paper compares the characteristics of parking policies imposed in different world regions (or cities), in consideration of their historical and urban contexts. The study summarizes three major types including passive constraint, proactive management and comprehensive management, and introduces parking management measures in New York, London and Hong Kong from the perspectives of “supply constraint” and “context-specific management”. In the consideration of international practices and the characteristics of Chinese cities, part three of this paper discusses the possible path of parking reforms in China from three aspects of parking sharing, pricing mechanism and parking-land use integration. The paper is of significance in pushing forward sustainability-oriented parking reforms and promoting sustainable transport in China.