醫者葛應雷與元代醫學發展: 以葛應雷墓誌銘為中心

This article explores the developments in medicine in the Yuan dynasty based on a case study of the physician Ge Yinglei. Ge Yinglei was originally a candidate for the civil service examination in the Southern Song dynasty. However, after the Yuan dynasty unified China, the civil service examination was abolished. Ge therefore changed his career path to become a medical physician, and he gained fame as a physician in the southern region. He later took on the role of a medical professor in Pingjiang prefecture (later called Suzhou) and became the highest medical officer in Jiangzhe Province. His brother, son, nephew, and grandson were also physicians; in particular, his son Ge Qiansun was equally famous as Zhu Zhenheng. His family became the most famous medical family of the Yuan and Ming period. Through Ge Yinglei’s life and life chances, the author highlights how his life reflected the characteristics of medical development trends in three aspects during the Yuan dynasty. First, Ge learned about the medicine of the northern region of the Jin-Yuan period and inherited the medical knowledge of Liu Wansu and Zhang Congzheng. He also criticized the physicians of the southern region for depending on Bureau Prescriptions only. Second, he mastered the medical theory wuyun liuqi, based on which he treated his patients. Third, he helped build the Temple of the Three Progenitors in Pingjiang Prefecture, which was a great contribution to the Yuan court. In conclusion, by using Ge Yinglei as an example, this article discusses how physicians of the southern region adapted themselves to the new developments in medicine and became medical officers, as well as passed on medical knowledge from generation to generation in the Suzhou region during the Yuan-Ming period.