留守经历与外来工社会融合: 生命历程视角的检视及其启示

Existing studies on left-behind children lack discussion on how left-behind experiences in childhood affect social integration after adulthood, while studies on social integration of migrant workers lack attention to the childhood growth trajectory of “left-behind experience” from the perspective of life course. Based on the survey data of 2385 new-generation migrant workers, this paper analyzes the influence of left-behind experiences on social integration and its mechanism from three dimensions: economic integration, social adaptation and psychological integration. The results show that the left-behind experience has a two-way effect on economic integration, a significant effect on psychological integration, but no significant effect on social adaptation. In addition, the left-behind experiences in different periods have different impacts on economic integration and psychological integration. The left-behind experiences in adolescence have a negative effect on economic integration, while the left-behind experiences before adolescence have a positive effect on economic integration due to the dominant economic effects of parents’ going out. The longer the stay time, the greater the negative impact on psychological integration. The above findings suggest that for left-behind children at different stages and in different states, targeted attention should be paid to their different types of development needs and support needs, and differentiated precise care and support should be provided.