從儒者到從祀三皇 - 明代官方對朱震亨的定位

This paper explores the change of Zhu Zhenheng’s status during the Ming period. Zhu Zhenheng was a Yuan physician. Famous for his medical knowledge, he was regarded as one of the four great physicians during the Jin and Yuan periods. Song Lian, a good friend of Zhu, included him in the biography of Confucians in Yuanshi. In 1542, the Jiajing Emperor built the Jinghui Temple and dedicated it to the Three Progenitors (Fuxi, Shennong and Huangdi), where twenty-eight physicians before the Ming dynasty were placed for worship. Zhu was the last one among them, testament to the high regard that he enjoyed at that time as one of the most important physicians before Ming . This paper consists of three parts: first, it discusses why Song included Zhu in the biography of Confucians. Second, it explores the history of the worship of the Three Progenitors in the Ming dynasty, who were placed in the temple of the emperors of past dynasties and the Jinghui temple at the same time. Finally, it investigates Zhu’s position as one of the most representative medical figures in the Ming dynasty in order to understand why Zhu was included in the Jinghui temple for worship. The case of Zhu Zhenheng shows the web of relationship between Confucian ceremony, history of Confucianism, medical history and political history.