基于ERP实验的大龄建筑工人自我认知偏差研究

This study aimed to measure the self-cognitive bias of older construction workers, explore its main influencing factors, and provide theoretical guidance and practical reference for construction safety management. Firstly, through literature review and theoretical analysis, the study deconstructed the self-cognitive bias of older construction workers from three dimensions: physical function, cognitive function, and work experience. It identified potential influencing factors and proposed experimental hypotheses. Based on this case, the method of Event-Related Potentials (ERP) experiments was adopted, using N400 component as a key indicator, to design and conduct experiments. This measured the self-cognitive bias of older construction workers in different dimensions and verifies the hypotheses. By comparing and analyzing the ERP waveforms of the N400 component under different stimulus conditions and the results of paired sample t-tests, in conjunction with sociodemographic variables such as age, work injury history, health checkup habits, and safety training experience, the study concluded that older construction workers generally lack sufficient awareness of the decline in their physical and cognitive functions, and tend to overly rely on their work experience. Moreover, older workers with work injury history, regular health checkups, and safety training show a lower tendency in self-cognitive bias. These findings reveal the real existence of self-cognitive bias among older construction workers, influenced by multiple factors. To reduce the safety hazards caused by this bias, managers should adjust the work arrangements of older construction workers, provide regular health checkups, and offer targeted safety training. The results of this study provide references for research in construction safety management and human resource management in the construction industry, offering practical insights. The findings are helpful in formulating targeted innovative strategies to address the occupational safety issues brought by the aging workforce in the construction industry.