魯迅思想與文學中的復仇 Revenge in Lu Xun’s Thought and Literature

This project examines a crucial yet underexplored dimension of Lu Xun’s thought and writing: the theme of revenge. Lu Xun has often been portrayed as an advocate of vengeance—an image shaped by his uncompromising stance toward adversaries, his later leftist orientation, and the combative tone and fascination with revenge narratives evident in his fiction. Yet this dimension has frequently been oversimplified or distorted.Scholarship has tended either to collapse his reflections on revenge into a generalized discourse of struggle, sometimes conflating it with revolution, or to abstract the theme into a vague notion of poetic justice. Moreover, few studies have situated Lu Xun within the comparative and world‑literary framework, exploring how he reworked Chinese and foreign traditions of revenge writing and how this process informed the making of Chinese modernity.Focusing on Lu Xun is particularly vital. As the central figure of modern Chinese literature and a thinker deeply attuned to the ethical and political crises of his time, he offers a unique vantage point for examining how revenge—at once a moral impulse and a narrative form—mediated tensions between tradition and modernity, individual development and social reform, Enlightenment ideals and Anti‑Enlightenment critiques. Unlike many of his contemporaries, Lu Xun not only reinterpreted classical Chinese motifs of vengeance but also actively engaged with global literary and philosophical traditions, embedding the theme of revenge into the very fabric of modern Chinese literature and intellectual history.⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠To pursue these questions, the project combines intellectual history, literary analysis,and political philosophy to reconstruct the genealogy of revenge in Lu Xun’s thought,clarifying its content and distinctive features. Through comparative readings of Chinese and Western sources, it investigates how revenge intersects with issues of justice,responsibility, sincerity, and authenticity, and how it illuminates the ethical and political conditions of modern life. Ultimately, by reassessing Lu Xun’s place in both Chinese and global traditions of revenge literature, the study not only recovers a neglected aspect of his oeuvre but also demonstrates how the problem of revenge opens new horizons for understanding the formation of Chinese modernity.